Abstract
Objective
To describe an ultrasound-guided lateral pre-iliac (LPI) and parasacral (PS) approach
in feline cadavers (phase I) and compare the perioperative analgesic use and complications
in cats administered LPI and PS blocks (group PNB) or epidural anesthesia (group EPI)
for pelvic limb surgery (phase II).
Study design
Experimental uncontrolled, anatomic and retrospective cohort study.
Animals
A group of eight feline cadavers and 52 medical records.
Methods
Bilateral LPI and PS approaches with 0.1 mL kg–1 of dye to stain the femoral and obturator nerves and the lumbosacral trunk, respectively,
were performed on each cadaver. Nerve staining effect was evaluated upon dissections
(phase I). Perioperative analgesics use, and complication rates were retrospectively
compared between groups PNB and EPI (phase II). Continuous data were compared using
the Mann–Whitney U test and the prevalence of events with Fisher’s exact test. Differences were considered
significant when p < 0.05.
Results
Dissections revealed that the LPI approach stained 94% and 75% of the femoral and
obturator nerves, respectively. The PS approach stained 100% of the lumbosacral trunks.
Cats enrolled in group PNB (n = 23) were administered lower doses of intraoperative opioids than those in group
EPI (n = 25) (p = 0.006). Intraoperative rescue analgesia was required in 60% and 17.4% of cats enrolled
in groups EPI and PNB, respectively (p = 0.003). Group PNB required more intraoperative anticholinergics than group EPI
(p = 0.02). There were no differences in postoperative pain scores, analgesic use and
complication rates.
Conclusions and clinical relevance
The ultrasound-guided LPI and PS approach stained the femoral/obturator nerves and
the lumbosacral trunk, respectively, in feline cadavers. Furthermore, PNB was associated
with lower intraoperative opioid use and similar postoperative pain and analgesic
use compared with epidural anesthesia in a cohort of cats undergoing surgery of the
pelvic limb.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 22, 2023
Accepted:
January 13,
2023
Received:
October 28,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2023 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
