Abstract
Objective
To compare the duration of nociceptive and proprioceptive blockade from an experimental
encapsulated lidocaine preparation with that of conventional lidocaine.
Study design
Prospective, blinded, randomly assigned, crossover study.
Animals
A total of six adult Dorset ewes, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status
I or II, weighing 60.4 ± 18.0 kg (mean ± standard deviation).
Methods
Under general anesthesia and guided by electrolocation, the common peroneal nerve
was blocked unilaterally with encapsulated lidocaine (0.1 mL kg–1, 200 mg mL–1) or conventional lidocaine hydrochloride (0.1 mL kg–1, 20 mg mL–1). Each sheep was administered both treatments with an interval of 2 weeks between
treatments. Nociception and proprioception were scored (scales of 0–3) before anesthesia,
at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours after completion of local anesthetic injection,
and every 12 hours thereafter for 9 days. Nociceptive and proprioceptive blockade
ended the first time each score reached ‘0’; maximum blockade duration was considered
and recorded to be the time point immediately prior to this end point. Significance
of differences between treatments for duration of blockade was tested with the Wilcoxon
rank-sum test. Effects of time and treatment on nociceptive and proprioceptive blockade
were evaluated with mixed-effect models. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results
Compared with conventional lidocaine, nociceptive blockade lasted 88 hours longer
with encapsulated lidocaine (p = 0.008), and proprioceptive blockade lasted 6 hours longer (p = 0.03). Significant effects of time (p < 0.0001), treatment (p = 0.0435) and treatment∗time (p < 0.0001) were observed for nociception. Significant effects of time (p < 0.0001) and treatment∗time (p = 0.0058) were observed for proprioception.
Conclusion
Encapsulated lidocaine produced nociceptive blockade with a duration substantially
longer than conventional lidocaine.
Clinical relevance
Sustained-release encapsulated lidocaine alleviates pain and may minimize systemic
analgesic use.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 11, 2020
Accepted:
July 28,
2020
Received:
April 22,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
