Abstract
Objective
To compare the effects of alfaxalone and propofol, with and without acepromazine and
butorphanol followed by doxapram, on laryngeal motion and quality of laryngeal examination
in dogs.
Study design
Randomized, crossover, blinded study.
Animals
Ten female Beagle dogs, aged 11–13 months and weighing 7.2–8.6 kg.
Methods
The dogs were administered four intravenous (IV) treatments: alfaxalone (ALF), alfaxalone+acepromazine and butorphanol (ALF–AB), propofol (PRO) and propofol+AB (PRO–AB). AB doses were standardized. Dogs were anesthetized 5 minutes later by
administration of alfaxalone or propofol IV to effect. Arytenoid motion during maximal
inspiration and expiration was captured on video before and after IV doxapram (0.25 mg kg−1). The change in rima glottidis surface area (RGSA) was calculated to measure arytenoid
motion. An investigator blinded to the treatment scored laryngeal examination quality.
Results
A 20% increase in RGSA was the minimal arytenoid motion that was detectable. RGSA
was significantly less in ALF before doxapram compared with all other treatments.
A <20% increase in RGSA was measured in eight of 10 dogs in PRO and in all dogs in
ALF before doxapram. After doxapram, RGSA was significantly increased for PRO and
ALF; however, 20% of dogs in PRO and 50% of dogs in ALF still had <20% increase in
RGSA. A <20% increase in RGSA was measured in five of 10 dogs in PRO–AB and ALF–AB
before doxapram. All dogs in PRO–AB and ALF–AB with <20% increase in RGSA before doxapram
had ≥20% increase in RGSA after doxapram. Examination quality was significantly better
in PRO–AB and ALF–AB.
Conclusions and clinical relevance
The use of acepromazine and butorphanol improved the quality of laryngeal examination.
Any negative impact on arytenoid motion caused by these premedications was overcome
with doxapram. Using either propofol or alfaxalone alone is not recommended for the
evaluation of arytenoid motion.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 06, 2018
Accepted:
August 27,
2017
Received:
April 17,
2017
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
