Abstract
Objective
To observe antinociceptive, cardiopulmonary and sedative effects of five different
12-hour lidocaine infusions in conscious dogs, and measure plasma lidocaine concentrations.
Study design
Two-part randomized, prospective, blinded, cross-over experimental study.
Animals
Six neutered male, crossbred dogs approximately 1–2 years of age and weighing 29.1
± 4.0 kg.
Methods
Dogs received lidocaine [2 mg kg−1, intravenous (IV)] or equivalent volume of 0.9% saline followed by infusion of either
lidocaine at 10 (L10), 25 (L25), 50 (L50), 75 (L75), or 100 (L100) μg kg−1 minute−1, or equivalent rate of saline (Control). The study was conducted in two parts comparing
L10, L25 and L50 to control, and then L75 and L100 to another control. Heart and respiratory
rates, and indirect arterial blood pressure were measured for 12 hours; before (baseline),
during and after infusion. Sedation was scored using descriptive categories, and nociceptive
threshold determined using electrical cutaneous stimulation. Plasma lidocaine concentrations
were measured using ELISA. Nonparametric and parametric tests for repeated measures
were used and p < 0.05.
Results
Nociceptive thresholds were not different from the saline control treatment at any
time. Respiratory rate decreased 2–12 hours in treatments L25, L75 and L100. Blood
pressure increased after 4 hours in treatment L100 compared to baseline. Sedation
scores increased compared to baseline (L10: 30 minutes–8 hours; L25: 30 minutes–2
hours, 8 hours; L50: 30 minutes, 8 hours, 12 hours; L75: 4–12 hours; L100: 15 minutes,
8–12 hours), and to Control. Treatment L75 had higher plasma lidocaine concentrations
than L10; and L100 had higher concentrations than L10 and L25. Occasional vomiting
was observed in dogs receiving lidocaine when plasma lidocaine concentrations exceeded
4 μg mL−1.
Conclusions and clinical relevance
High lidocaine infusion rates did not have antinociceptive effects compared with saline
and were associated with mild-moderate sedation and some signs of toxicity in awake
dogs.
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
October 21,
2008
Received:
June 5,
2008
Footnotes
An abstract was presented at the American College of Veterinary Surgeons Conference in San Diego, CA, USA in October 2005.
Identification
Copyright
© 2009 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
