Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the anti-nociceptive effects of lidocaine, lidocaine-bupivacaine combination
or bupivacaine following caudal epidural administration in cows undergoing reproductive
procedures.
Study design
Blinded, randomized experimental study.
Animals
Thirty seven healthy Holstein cows (mean weight ± SD, 633 ± 41 kg).
Methods
Animals were allocated randomly to receive one of four treatments: group LID, 0.2
mg kg−1 lidocaine 2%; group LID-BUP, lidocaine-bupivacaine mixture in a 1:1 volume ratio
(0.1 mg kg−1 and 0.025 mg kg−1, respectively); group BUP-LD, 0.05 mg kg−1 bupivacaine 0.5%; and group BUP-HD, 0.06 mg kg−1 bupivacaine 0.5%. The onset and duration of perineal anti-nociception were determined
using superficial and deep pin pricks and the number of cows with complete perineal
anti-nociception was recorded. Parameters were compared using anova followed by Duncan's test where relevant.
Results
Mean ± SD time to onset of anti-nociception following epidural administration of BUP-LD
was significantly longer than for LID-BUP (p < 0.05). The duration (in minutes) of perineal anti-nociception was significantly
longer following epidural administration of BUP-HD (247 ± 31) versus LID-BUP (181 ± 33) and LID (127 ± 25) minutes respectively. The % of cows with complete
anti-nociception was increased in the group treated with BUP-HD compared to BUP-LD.
Severe ataxia or recumbency did not occur in any groups.
Conclusions and clinical relevance
Epidurally administered bupivacaine, at a dose of 0.06 mg kg−1, may provide satisfactory caudal epidural anti-nociception for longer-duration obstetric
and surgical procedures.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
July 19,
2012
Received:
March 20,
2012
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
