Abstract
Objective
To compare the effects of intravenous (IV) and topical laryngeal lidocaine on heart
rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cough response to endotracheal intubation
(ETI) in dogs.
Study design
Prospective, randomized, blinded clinical study.
Animals
Forty-two client-owned dogs (American Society of Anesthesiologists class I and II
status) undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery.
Methods
Dogs were randomized to three groups. Dogs in group SALIV received 0.1 mL kg−1 IV saline. Dogs in group LIDIV received 2 mg kg−1 IV 2% lidocaine. Dogs in group LIDTA received 0.4 mg kg−1 topically sprayed laryngeal 2% lidocaine. All dogs were premedicated with methadone
(0.2 mg kg−1 IV). After 30 minutes, IV propofol was administered to abolish the lateral palpebral
reflex and produce jaw relaxation. The allocated treatment was then administered and,
after 30 seconds, further propofol was administered to abolish the medial palpebral
reflex and facilitate ETI. HR and MAP were measured at four time-points using cardiac
auscultation and automated oscillometry, respectively. The cough response at ETI was
recorded. One-way anova and post hoc Tukey adjustment were used to analyse parametric data. The Kruskal-Wallis test was
used to analyse non-parametric data. Odds ratios were calculated for the cough response.
A p-value of =0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Results
In response to ETI, changes in MAP differed significantly between groups. In SALIV,
MAP increased (4 ± 6 mmHg), whereas it decreased in LIDIV (6 ± 13 mmHg) (p= 0.013) and LIDTA (7 ± 11 mmHg) (p= 0.003). Dogs in SALIV were almost 10 times more likely to cough than dogs in LIDIV
(odds ratio 9.75, 95% confidence interval 0.98–96.60; p = 0.05).
Conclusions and clinical relevance
In propofol-anaesthetized dogs, IV and topical laryngeal lidocaine attenuated the
pressor response to ETI, whereas IV lidocaine reduced the cough response.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
April 21,
2015
Received:
February 21,
2015
Identification
Copyright
© 2016 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
